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研究背景
The lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, and neurite retraction. Its actions may be both intracellular as a second messenger and extracellular as a receptor ligand. S1P and the structurally related lysolipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signal cells through a set of G protein-coupled receptors known as EDG receptors. Some EDG receptors (e.g., EDG1; MIM 601974) are S1P receptors; others (e.g., EDG2; MIM 602282) are LPA receptors.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008],developmental stage:At 24 weeks of gestation, fragments of radial glial fibers are positive within the cortical plate and subplate of allocortical areas. These positive fragments often appear enlarged as varicosities and some of them terminate at blood vessels. Between 28 and 30 weeks of gestation, all iso- and allocortical areas contain immunolabelled radial glial fibers revealing curvature next to sulci. After 32 weeks of gestation, radial glial fibers gradually disappear; instead positive transitional stages between radial glia and astrocytes were found.,disease:Overexpressed in leukemic large granular lymphocyte (LGL). LGL is a lymphopropliferative disorder often associated with autoimmune disease.,function:Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. Is coupled to both the G(i/0)alpha and G(12) subclass of heteromeric G-proteins (By similarity). May play a regulatory role in the transformation of radial glial cells into astrocytes and may affect proliferative activity of these cells.,similarity:Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.,tissue specificity:Widely expressed in the brain, most prominently in the corpus callosum, which is predominantly white matter. Detected in spleen, peripheral blood leukocytes, placenta, lung, aorta, and fetal spleen. Low-level signal detected in many tissue extracts. Isoform 1 is predominently expressed in peripheral tissues, whereas isoform 2 is expressed in brain, spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes.,
研究领域
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction;
