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The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by regulating intracellular polyamine levels. Expression of antizymes requires +1 ribosomal frameshifting, which is enhanced by high levels of polyamines. Antizymes in turn bind to and inhibit ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis; thus, completing the auto-regulatory circuit. This gene encodes antizyme 1, the first member of the antizyme family, that has broad tissue distribution, and negatively regulates intracellular polyamine levels by binding to and targeting ODC for degradation, as well as inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme 1 mRNA contains two potential in-frame AUGs; and studies in rat suggest that alternative use of the two translation initiation sites results in N-terminally distinct protein isoformsalternative products:A ribosomal frameshift occurs between the codons for Ser-68 and Asp-69. An autoregulatory mechanism enables modulation of frameshifting according to the cellular concentration of polyamines,function:Binds to, and destabilizes, ornithine decarboxylase which is then degraded. Also inhibits cellular uptake of polyamines by inactivating the polyamine uptake transporter.,similarity:Belongs to the ODC antizyme family.,
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