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This gene encodes a member of the barr gene family and a regulatory subunit of the condensin complex. This complex is required for the conversion of interphase chromatin into condensed chromosomes. The protein encoded by this gene is associated with mitotic chromosomes, except during the early phase of chromosome condensation. During interphase, the protein has a distinct punctate nucleolar localization. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different proteins have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013],function:Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases.,PTM:Phosphorylated by CDC2. Its phosphorylation, as well as that of NCAPD2 and NCAPG subunits, activates the condensin complex and is required for chromosome condensation.,similarity:Belongs to the CND2 (condensin subunit 2) family.,subcellular location:In interphase cells, the majority of the condensin complex is found in the cytoplasm, while a minority of the complex is associated with chromatin. A subpopulation of the complex however remains associated with chromosome foci in interphase cells. During mitosis, most of the condensin complex is associated with the chromatin. At the onset of prophase, the regulatory subunits of the complex are phosphorylated by CDC2, leading to condensin's association with chromosome arms and to chromosome condensation. Dissociation from chromosomes is observed in late telophase.,subunit:Component of the condensin complex, which contains the SMC2 and SMC4 heterodimer, and three non SMC subunits that probably regulate the complex: NCAPH/BRRN1, NCAPD2/CAPD2 and NCAPG.,tissue specificity:Widely expressed at low level. Expressed in proliferating cells.,
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